同学们只要掌握非谓语动词做定语的一般的规律，就可以判断①题答案为c，②题答案为d。
        (2)对固定结构的考查，如：

　　① the professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _____ his

　　arguments in favor of the new theory。(2000。6)

　　a。 to be based on b。 to base on

　　c。 which to base on d。 on which to base

　　② the pressure _____ causes americans to be energetic， but it

　　also puts them under a constant emotional strain。

　　a。 to compete b。 competing

　　c。 to be competed d。 having competed

　　①题为不定式做定语的固定形式，答案为d，②题为某些特定名词的定语结构，答案为a。在英语中有些名词，如动词变来的名词，形容词变来的名词，以及means， way， time， moment， reason等要求其后用不定式做定语，不定式没有体的变化。

　　4) 做状语的非谓语动词的选择

　　做状语的非谓语动词主要考查其各种形式的选择，如：

　　① ______ the earth to be flat， many feared that columbus would fall off the edge of the earth。(1996。6)

　　a。 having believed b。 believing c。 believed d。 being believed

　　② _______ a teacher in a university， it is necessary to have at least a master‘s degree。(1995。1)

　　a。 to become b。 become c。 one becomes d。 on becoming

　　③ realizing that he hadn‘t enough money and ____ to borrow from his father， he decided to sell his watch。(1995。1)

　　a。 not wanted b。 no to want c。 not wanting d。 wanting not

　　④ ___ it or not， his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles。(1997。1)

　　a。 believe b。 to believe c。 believing d。 believed

　　从以上各题来看，考查的侧重点有：

　　(1)状语类别的判断

　　不同的状语对非谓语动词的要求不同，目的状语要求用不定式，如②。

　　(2)非谓语动词与句子属于之间的逻辑关系

　　根据主谓关系或动宾关系的不同来确定用现在分词还是用过去分词。

　　(3)非谓语动词的否定形式

　　not否定非谓语动词时置于非谓语动词之前，如③。

　　(4) 独立成分

　　有些非谓语动词的使用不受与句子主语关系的限制，称为独立成分，这类成 分只记忆即可。如：

　　generally speaking， judging from……， to tell the truth……， 等。

　　5) 做补足语的非谓语动词的选择

　　做宾语补足语的非谓语动词受谓语动词的限制，不同动词后的宾语补足语形式要求不同。近几年对各类宾补都有考查。如：

　　① they are going to have the service man ____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow。(1998。1)

　　a。 install b。 to install c。 to be installed d。 installed

　　② after a few rounds of talks， both sides regarded the territory dispute ______。(1998。6)

　　a。 being settled b。 to be settled c。 had settled d。 as settled

        ③ you will see this product ____ wherever you go。(2000。6)

　　a。 to be advertised b。 advertised c。 advertise d。 advertising

　　④ his remarks left me _____ about his real purpose。(1999。6)

　　a。 wondered b。 wonder c。 to wonder d。 wondering