下面再给大家一段文字来体会类比的妙用。

　　“It is unrealistic to expect individual nations to make， independently， the sacrifices necessary to conserve energy. International leadership and worldwide cooperation are essential if we expect to protect the world’s energy resources for future generations.” 　　

　　Another reason why an international effort is required is that other problems of an international nature have also required global cooperation. For example， has each nation independently recognized the folly of nuclear weapons proliferation and voluntarily disarmed? No. Only by way of an international effort， based largely on coercion of strong leaders against detractors， along with an appeal to self-interest， have we made some progress. By the same token， efforts of individual nations to thwart international drug trafficking have proven largely futile， because efforts have not been internationally based. Similarly， the problem of energy conservation transcends national borders in that either all nations must cooperate， or all will ultimately suffer.

　　类比，这种说理手段对大家而言其实并不陌生.在中国古文中如《老子》，《庄子》等都很擅长把深刻的道理用显而易见的故事来讲述出来，比如刻舟求剑等。另一方面，在诗歌中也会采用大量类比或比喻的手段来把抽象的意境具体化地表现出来。这里选用几句Tagore (泰戈尔) 飞鸟集中的句子来赏析一下希望能给大家些灵感:

　　Her wishful face haunts my dreams like the rain at night（她的热切的脸，如夜雨似的，搅扰着我的梦魂。

　　Woman， when you move about in your household service your limbs sing like a hill stream among its pebbles.（妇人，你在料理家务的时候，你的手足歌唱着，正如山间的溪水歌唱着在小石中流过。

　　The touch of the nameless days clings to my heart like mosses round the old tree.（无名的日子的感触，攀缘在我的心上，正象那绿色的苔藓，攀缘在老树的周身。

　　二、类比在ARGUMENT中的运用。

　　Argument是驳论性文章，也就是找一段文字中的错误，进行有理有据的驳斥。一般来说，argument比issue容易些，因为错误的类别其实很固定的，俗称“七宗罪”。在这七宗罪中就有三宗是跟类比有关系的，分别是：misapplied generalization（概括误用，即以大推小）；hasty generalization（匆忙概括，即以小推大）；faulty analogy（错误类比）。不管是哪一种错误，只要是跟类比扯上关系，在驳斥时，我们都可以把它简化成一件事---找相异性。因为对于类比关系而言，它成立的前提和基础就是相似性，所以只要找到所比较两者间的相异性，那么再有逻辑的推理也是不成立的。我们举个很简单的例子来说明